Einstein's Theory Of Relativity :- Special Relativity

Today we will discuss about Einstein's Theory Of Special Relativity. This was the theory which gave Einstein the respect which actually a physicist deserve. But to know about it firstly you should know about the following terms:-

1-Frame Of Reference:- 

Frame Of reference means that at which perspective or coordinates the observer is observing the word. for ex- If i will say that where is the country India located then a person in japan will point in one direction but the person in America will point opposite direction so who is right? actually both are right in their frame of reference. Frame of reference are of two types

a- Inertial:- Where things are moving with fixed velocity.

b- Non Inertial:- Where things are moving in Relative velocity.

The Theory of Special Relativity is based on Inertial Frame of Reference.

2-Speed of light is constant for any frame of reference .

Theory- Einstein was wounder to know that things vary to every frame of reference for ex:- a two person standing in earth are relatively stationary to each other but a third person from international space station will see that the both person are moving with a velocity with which earth is moving hence they are not stationary. But when we talk about the speed of light its same for all 3 persons.

Let us clear from another very simple example:- when a ball is thrown from a train moving with 100km/h with velocity 20 km/h then the overall speed of ball will be 120km/h But when we open a flash light from same train then its speed will not be affected.

Hence the question arises that where the changes go? 

Well these changes goes to a simple formula:- Speed=Distance/time when speed is constant then the distance and time vary which leads to Time Dilation and Length contraction.

Time Dilation:- When an object moves in high speed then time slows down accordingly which means that if its speed is the speed of light then time stops hence photons experience no time. See full post on time Dilation here
Length Contraction:- When an object travels very fast then length of an object contracts. If the object is at the speed of light then its length becomes zero.

Famous Equation:-

Einstein got more popularity because of his famous Equation and key ingredient of special relativity which was 

  E=MC^2 

This equation proved that the mass and energy are not two different terms but they are related. Also mass can be changed into energy and vice versa. This could be seen in LHC (Large Hadron Collider) machine in which when particle are accelerated to speed of light then they gain more mass and hence more energy required to accelerate them and after a period of time giving that much energy is not possible. Hence nothing could achhive the speed of light.

Hence after publishing his theory of special relativity he got the fame and popularity which he deserved.

Ok friends hope you like the post on theory of special relativity and tell us through comments if you want a post on theory of General Relativity then please tell us through Comments.

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